Investigation of polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) flow rate dependence for munition constituents in underwater environments

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Guilherme R LotufoGunther Rosen

Abstract

Munition constituents (MC) are present in aquatic environments throughout the world. Potential for fluctuating release with low residence times may cause concentrations of MC to vary widely over time at contaminated sites. Recently, polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) have been demonstrated to be valuable tools for the environmental exposure assessment of MC in water. Flow rate is known to influence sampling by POCIS. Because POCIS sampling rates (Rs) for MC have only been determined under quasi-static conditions, the present study evaluated the uptake of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine), and 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluenes (DNT), by POCIS in a controlled water flume at 7, 15, and 30 cm/s in 10-day experiments using samplers both within and without a protective cage. Sampling rate increased with flow rate for all MC investigated, but flow rate had the strongest impact on TNT and the weakest impact on RDX. For uncaged POCIS, mean Rsfor 30 cm/s was significantly higher than that for 7 cm by 2.7, 1.9, 1.9, and 1.3 folds for TNT, 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, and RDX, respectively. For all MC except RDX, mean Rsfor caged POCIS at 7 cm/s were significantly lower than for uncaged samplers an...Continue Reading

References

Jul 3, 2004·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·David A AlvarezStanley E Manahan
Mar 25, 2008·Environmental Pollution·Anastasia Arditsoglou, Dimitra Voutsa
Aug 4, 2011·Journal of Environmental Monitoring : JEM·Ivo CernochLuděk Bláha
Sep 27, 2012·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Christopher HarmanEtiënne L M Vermeirssen
May 17, 2014·The Science of the Total Environment·Sophie LissaldePatrick Mazellier
Dec 6, 2014·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Jason B BeldenGunther Rosen

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Citations

Apr 25, 2018·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Gunther RosenJason B Belden
May 13, 2021·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Gunther RosenRobert D George

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