Investigation of proposed mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced venous thromboembolism: endothelial cell activation and procoagulant release due to apoptosis

Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/hemostasis : Official Journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
Cliona C KirwanGerard J Byrne

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) during chemotherapy is common, with 7% mortality in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). In a prospective cohort study of patients with breast cancer, we investigated whether vascular endothelial cell activation (VECA), and whether apoptosis, is the cause of chemotherapy-induced VTE. Serum markers of VECA, E-selectin (E-sel), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and d-dimer (fibrin degradation and hypercoagulability marker) were measured prechemotherapy and at 1, 4, and 8 days following chemotherapy. Clinical deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism and occult DVT detected by duplex ultrasound imaging were recorded as VTE-positive (VTE+). In patients with MBC, hypercoagulable response to chemotherapy was compared between patients with and without cancer progression. Development of VTE and cancer progression was assessed 3 months following starting chemotherapy. Of the 134 patients, 10 (7.5%) developed VTE (6 [17%] of 36 MBC receiving palliation, 0 of 11 receiving neoadjuvant to downsize tumor, and 4 [5%] of 87 early breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, P = .06). Levels of E-sel and VCAM-1 decreased in response to chemotherapy (P < .001) in both VTE+ and patients not developing VTE...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 2, 2017·The Journal of International Medical Research·Qiankun ZhangLie Jin
May 14, 2018·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·M Di NisioE Porreca
Apr 12, 2020·International Journal of Gynecological Cancer : Official Journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society·Hiroaki KomatsuTasuku Harada
Aug 4, 2021·Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis·Tanveer MirGhulam Saydain

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
ELISA

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