Involvement of the human cerebellum in short-term and long-term habituation of the acoustic startle response: a serial PET study

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
Markus FringsMatthias Maschke

Abstract

Numerous studies have shown an involvement of the human cerebellum in motor learning, but little is known about the role of the cerebellum in learning of unspecific aversive reactions. The present study sought to distinguish which areas of the human cerebellum and brain-stem are involved in short-term habituation (STH) and long-term habituation (LTH) of the acoustic startle response. On 5 consecutive days 42 acoustic startle stimuli were applied each day in 8 male healthy subjects. On the first and on the fifth day of the experiment [15O]H2O PET scans were performed. Electromyographic recordings revealed a significant decrease of the startle response within each day (STH) and across the 5 days of the experiment (LTH). On both days a decrease of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) across PET scans was found in the medial cerebellum most probably reflecting reduced sensory feedback during STH. Between days an increase of rCBF in the dorsomedial pons, in the mesencephalon and in an area of the medial cerebellum was observed. These activations may reflect increased inhibition of the startle response during LTH and correspond to previous animal lesion studies. Furthermore, during LTH an increase of rCBF within the lateral cerebellum...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 30, 2009·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Leonard H EpsteinRachel L Nadbrzuch
Oct 30, 2016·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Kuan-Hua ChenNandakumar S Narayanan

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