PMID: 9159640Feb 1, 1997Paper

Inwardly rectifying potassium channels: their molecular heterogeneity and function

The Japanese Journal of Physiology
S IsomotoY Kurachi

Abstract

A variety of cells including cardiac myocytes and neuronal cells possess inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels through which currents flow more readily in the inward direction than outward. These K+ channels play pivotal roles in maintenance of the resting membrane potential, in regulation of the action potential duration, in receptor-dependent inhibition of cellular excitability, and in the secretion and absorption of K+ ions across cell membrane. Recent molecular biological dissection has shown that the DNAs encoding Kir channels constitute a new family of K+ channels whose subunits contain two putative transmembrane domains and a pore-forming region. So far, more than ten cDNAs of Kir channel subunits have been isolated and classified into four subfamilies: 1) IRK subfamily (IRK1-3/Kir1.1-1.3), 2) GIRK subfamily (GIRK1-4/Kir3.1-3.4), 3) ATP-dependent Kir subfamily (ROMK1/Kir1.1, K(AB)-2/Kir4.1), and 4) ATP-sensitive Kir subfamily (uKATP-1/Kir6.1, BIR/Kir6.2). Xenopus oocytes injected with the cRNAs of IRKs elicit classical Kir channel currents. GIRKs, as heteromultimers, compose the G protein-gated Kir (KG) channels, which are regulated by a variety of Gi/Go-coupled inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors such as m2-mus-carini...Continue Reading

Citations

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