Iodine supplementation in pregnancy and its effect on child cognition

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)
Alida Melse-BoonstraMichael B Zimmermann

Abstract

Maternal hypothyroidism and hypothyroxenemia due to iodine deficiency have been shown to affect development of the newborn negatively. Maternal iodine supplementation may therefore improve cognitive performance of the offspring, even in areas of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency (ID). Several iodine supplementation studies have been performed in mildly ID pregnant women in Europe. These studies have shown that iodine supplementation increases maternal urinary iodine (UI) excretion and reduces thyroid volume, as well as prevents increases in infant thyroid volume and thyroglobuline. However, randomized controlled studies with long-term outcomes are lacking. Therefore, two trials were started in 2008 in areas of low iodine status; one in Bangalore, India (n=325), and another in Bangkok, Thailand (n=514). Pregnant women were recruited <14 weeks gestational age and randomized to either receive a daily dose of 200 μg I (as KI) or an identical placebo throughout pregnancy. Both trials are ongoing, and women are followed up during pregnancy and at delivery. UI, thyroid hormones, and thyroid size are measured. Birth outcomes are recorded, such as gestational age at delivery, height, weight, and APGAR scores, and cord blood and heel st...Continue Reading

References

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Jan 16, 2007·Lancet·Susan P WalkerUNKNOWN International Child Development Steering Group
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Jul 2, 2009·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Ines VelascoFederico Soriguer
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Mar 10, 2011·American Journal of Epidemiology·Mario MurciaFerran Ballester
Jun 7, 2011·Lancet·Mark P J VanderpumpUNKNOWN British Thyroid Association UK Iodine Survey Group
Jul 7, 2011·Clinical Endocrinology·Michael B Zimmermann
Mar 2, 2012·The Journal of Nutrition·Maria AnderssonMichael B Zimmermann

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Citations

Jan 17, 2013·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·E N Pearce
May 11, 2013·Public Health Nutrition·Morven I F A LeanEmilie Combet
Mar 3, 2015·Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Neha Sareen, Ritu Pradhan
Feb 9, 2016·Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)·Anna BłażewiczRyszard Kocjan
May 28, 2013·Lancet·Alex Stagnaro-Green, Elizabeth N Pearce
Feb 11, 2015·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Sarah C Bath, Margaret P Rayman
Mar 13, 2018·Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·Mallika VongchanaKuntharee Traisrisilp
Mar 6, 2017·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Kimberly B HardingLuz Maria De-Regil
Aug 19, 2016·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Martha Ann BellGay Goodman
Jan 1, 2012·Hormones : International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Peter LaurbergAllan Carlé
Sep 9, 2016·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Marion KrämerSebastian Vollmer
Jul 1, 2021·Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Almeida A L MachambaSylvia do C C Franceschini

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