IRF-1, RIG-I and MDA5 display potent antiviral activities against norovirus coordinately induced by different types of interferons

Antiviral Research
Wen DangQiuwei Pan

Abstract

Norovirus represents the main cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. In immunocompromised patients, it bears high risk of causing chronic infection with significant morbidity and mortality. The lack of specific treatment prompts the development of anti-norovirus agents. In this study, we have investigated the role of interferon (IFN) response and evaluated antiviral activities of different IFNs against human norovirus (HuNoV) replication using a HuNoV replicon model. We found that HuNoV RNA replication was sensitive to all types of IFNs, including IFNα (type I), IFNγ (type II), IFNλ1 and 3 (type III). IFNs canonically induce interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) to exert their antiviral activities. By profiling a subset of important human ISGs using an overexpression approach, we have identified RTP4 and HPSE as moderate anti-norovirus ISGs, whereas IRF-1, RIG-I (also known as DDX58) and MDA5 (also known as IFIH1) were identified as potent anti-norovirus effectors. Interestingly, type I and III IFNs coordinately induced IRF-1, RIG-I and MDA5; whereas type II IFN predominantly induced IRF-1 to exhibit their anti-norovirus activities. Combination of different IFNs revealed that IFNγ worked cooperatively with type I o...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 10, 2019·Annual Review of Virology·John W Schoggins
Oct 22, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Yoatzin Peñaflor-TéllezAna Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano
Apr 17, 2020·Viruses·Kyle V Todd, Ralph A Tripp
Jul 3, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Claudia P Campillay-VélizMargarita K Lay
Sep 11, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Shih-Ching LinMary K Estes
Jul 28, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Xiao HeXin-Zhuan Su
Dec 29, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Chunmei CaiXiao Yu
May 7, 2021·Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica·Wakako Fujita
Oct 27, 2021·The Journal of General Virology·Aminu S Jahun, Ian G Goodfellow
Dec 10, 2021·PLoS Pathogens·Morgane Baldaccini, Sébastien Pfeffer

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