Iron deficiency during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of adverse birth outcomes in a malaria-endemic area in a longitudinal cohort study

BMC Medicine
Freya J FowkesJames G Beeson

Abstract

Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) are major contributors to infant mortality and chronic childhood morbidity. Understanding factors that contribute to or protect against these adverse birth outcomes is an important global health priority. Anaemia and iron deficiency are common in malaria-endemic regions, but there are concerns regarding the value of iron supplementation among pregnant women in malaria-endemic areas due to reports that iron supplementation may increase the risk of malaria. There is a lack of evidence on the impact of iron deficiency on pregnancy outcomes in malaria-endemic regions. We determined iron deficiency in a cohort of 279 pregnant women in a malaria-endemic area of Papua New Guinea. Associations with birth weight, LBW and PTB were estimated using linear and logistic regression. A causal model using sequential mediation analyses was constructed to assess the association between iron deficiency and LBW, either independently or mediated through malaria and/or anaemia. Iron deficiency in pregnant women was common (71% at enrolment) and associated with higher mean birth weights (230 g; 95% confidence interval, CI 118, 514; p < 0.001), and reduced odds of LBW (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 0.32; 95% ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 13, 2021·The Indian Journal of Medical Research·Maria Grazia PiccioniRoberto Brunelli
Apr 17, 2021·Public Health Nutrition·Alejandra PuertoJosefina Zakzuk
Dec 5, 2021·Archives of public health = Archives belges de santé publique·Meseret Belete FiteBizatu Mengiste

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
PCR
ELISA
Assay

Software Mentioned

Stata

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