Abstract
The physiological response to starvation involves increased muscle proteolysis and adipose tissue lipolysis that supply amino acids and non-esterified fatty acids ('free fatty acids') for gluconeogenesis, oxidation and ketogenesis. In the present issue of Clinical Science, Moller and co-workers show that, in humans, IHL (intrahepatic lipid) content, measured using (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, increases following 36 h of fasting, with a direct association with plasma levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate. The observation raises interesting questions as to how IHL levels increase in a situation of increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. Possible mechanisms for increased IHLs include reduced apoB-100 (apolipoprotein B-100) production and hepatic lipid export, and/or impaired mitochondrial function resulting from increased oxidative stress, with diversion of fatty acids for esterification. The accumulation of IHL during prolonged fasting may, therefore, reflect a maladaptive response to increased non-esterified fatty acid delivery to the liver that unmasks a subtle defect in mitochondrial function. This could have implications for the pathogenesis of the common human disorder of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseas...Continue Reading
References
Jun 1, 1989·Gut·P DucrotteR Colin
Feb 1, 1985·The British Journal of Surgery·R J McFarlandT R Pilkington
May 1, 1981·The Journal of Nutrition·E S ChoL D Stegink
Apr 18, 1998·Gastroenterology·C P Day, O F James
Nov 26, 1999·Obesity Research·M EliaC J Henry
Apr 19, 2002·The New England Journal of Medicine·Paul Angulo
Dec 24, 2004·Nature·Christian WolfrumMarkus Stoffel
Mar 3, 2005·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Jukka WesterbackaHannele Yki-Järvinen
Jan 13, 2006·Mitochondrion·Karima BegricheBernard Fromenty
Apr 29, 2006·The Journal of Physiology·D Grahame HardieJohn W Scott
Jul 20, 2006·Annual Review of Nutrition·George F Cahill
Aug 26, 2006·Nature Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism·Michael Roden
Aug 26, 2006·Journal of Gastroenterology·Michinori SakadaMasataka Maruyama
Dec 1, 2006·The New England Journal of Medicine·Renata BelfortKenneth Cusi
May 10, 2007·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Niina MatikainenMarja-Riitta Taskinen
May 24, 2007·Diabetes Care·Giovanni TargherGuido Arcaro
Jun 7, 2007·Cell Metabolism·Takeshi InagakiSteven A Kliewer
Jun 7, 2007·Cell Metabolism·Michael K BadmanEleftheria Maratos-Flier
Nov 10, 2007·Clinical Science·Louise MollerJens O L Jorgensen
Citations
Jul 4, 2013·Biological Trace Element Research·E González-ReimersF Santolaria-Fernández
Mar 3, 2011·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Brandon C SosEthan J Weiss
May 10, 2012·Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology·Jacob M KneemanKathleen E Corey
Aug 26, 2014·Nutrition Research·Natsumi AokiShigenobu Shibata
Apr 5, 2014·Nutrition·Michael HoferZeno Stanga
Mar 13, 2012·The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology·Rana I Sharara-ChamiJoseph A Majzoub
Oct 16, 2008·Medicinal Research Reviews·Michael L MohlerDuane D Miller
Dec 2, 2009·The International Journal of Eating Disorders·Joanna DowmanIan Chesner
Sep 18, 2013·The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians·Yüksel OnaranOzcan Erel
Jan 21, 2017·Behavioral Sciences·Michelle Harvie, Anthony Howell
Dec 13, 2016·Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology·Mike RalkiLode Van Overbeke
Feb 26, 2016·World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology·Zhi-Gang WangZhen-Yuan Song
Jul 2, 2010·British Journal of Pharmacology·G MüllerW Frick
Oct 17, 2018·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Anja Bosy-WestphalManfred J Müller
Jul 1, 2020·Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology·Hiroteru KamimuraShuji Terai
Jul 24, 2020·Scientific Reports·Mugagga KalyesubulaHay Dvir
Jul 18, 2018·Metabolic Brain Disease·Fatih GültekinBilal Çiğ
May 13, 2021·International Journal of Hepatology·Suryakant NitureDeepak Kumar