Abstract
While the 5-year overall survival is better in pediatric than in adult patients diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM), outcomes in children remain very poor. Understanding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor propagation can identify therapeutic targets to improve these outcomes. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) proteins and nucleic acids are present in the majority of adult GBM. Indeed, CMV is emerging as a potential glioma-associated target for anti-CMV agents and cellular therapeutics. Furthermore, CMV appears to contribute to GBM's malignant phenotype, although its role in tumorigenesis is less certain. In this cohort of 25 serially diagnosed pediatric GBMs, the largest described cohort to date, we used immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization to show the presence of CMV antigens pp65 and IE1-72 as well as CMV nucleic acids, respectively. Our cohort indicated either CMV antigen pp65 or IE1-72 was present in approximately 67 % of pediatric GBM samples. The majority of samples stained positive for either CMV antigen showing a cytoplasmic pattern in 25-50 % of cells within the sample at a moderate intensity, while a few samples showed nuclear staining and higher grade/intensity. Of 16 samples where in situ hybridizat...Continue Reading
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