Is phospholipase in vinegared oysters a casual agent for human poisoning?

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
J Sajiki

Abstract

In this survey, lipid metabolism and activities of the lipolytic enzymes diglyceride lipase (DLase) and phospholipase A (PLase A) in the oyster digestive glands (ODGs), with 4% added acetic acid (the same acid concentration as vinegar) and incubated at 37 degrees C for 3 h, were investigated. Significant decreases in triglyceride, phosphatidycholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine and increases in monoglyceride, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine were observed in the acetic acid-treated ODGs. Changes in ODGs treated with PBS were smaller than in the acetic acid-treated ones but larger than in the nontreated ones. Both PLase A1, and PLase A2 in ODGs were activated by addition of acetic acid and incubated at 37 degrees C for 3 h. PLase A1 activities were higher than those of PLase A2, in all experimental ODGs. Addition of formic acid also induced activation of PLase A at pH 2. On the other hand, DLase in ODGs decreased remarkably with acetic acid treatment. These data showed that the increase in lipid metabolites such as free fatty acids and lysophospholipids in the acetic acid-treated ODGs might be due to catabolism of PLase A, which was activated by the acid treatment at 37 degrees C.

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.