Is the quality of drinking water a risk factor for self-reported forearm fractures? Cohort of Norway.

Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
C DahlNOREPOS Core Research Group

Abstract

Compared to pH ≥7.0 in Norwegian municipal drinking water, pH <7.0 increased the risk of forearm fractures in the population-based Cohort of Norway (CONOR; n = 127,272). The association was attenuated (p > 0.05) after adjustments for indicators of bacteria and organic matter, which may signify an association between poor drinking water and bone health. The Norwegian population has the highest rate of fractures ever reported. A large variation in fracture rate both between and within countries indicates that an environmental factor, such as the quality of drinking water, could be one of the causes of the disparities. Our aim was to investigate a possible association between pH (an important parameter for water quality) and self-reported forearm fracture and to examine whether other water quality factors could account for this association. Using Geographic Information Systems, information on the quality of drinking water was linked to CONOR (n = 127,272; mean age, 50.2 ± 15.8 years), a database comprising ten regional epidemiological health surveys from across the country in the time period 1994-2003. The highest risk of forearm fracture was found at a pH of around 6.75, with a decreasing risk toward both higher and lower pH valu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 30, 2013·Biological Trace Element Research·Cecilie DahlUNKNOWN Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Study (NOREPOS) Core Research Group
Oct 4, 2014·Scandinavian Journal of Public Health·Anne Johanne SøgaardGrethe S Tell

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