Is There a Rationale behind Pharmacotherapy in Idiopathic Gynecomastia?

Hormone Research in Pædiatrics
Anna Kasielska-TrojanBogusław Antoszewski

Abstract

The aim of this research was to analyze digit ratio in relation to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression and to verify digit ratio (2D: 4D) as a marker of ER and PR overexpression in the male breast. This study included 35 patients who underwent breast reduction due to the idiopathic form of gynecomastia. The average age of the studied individuals was 25.7 years (SD = 7.8). ER and PR expression was detected in breasts, and digit ratios were calculated in patients with idiopathic gynecomastia. ER expression did not correlate with the right (p = 0.51) and left 2D: 4D (p = 0.97). Also, there was no correlation between PR expression and 2D: 4D. A lack of correlation between these variables may result from the fact that the analyzed group of men with idiopathic gynecomastia was small in number, but at the same time, it appeared to be homogenous in these aspects (positive ER and/or PR expression and high digit ratio). High digit ratio in men with gynecomastia may tend to be a marker of overexpression of ER and PR. This may justify an early use of tamoxifen in men with gynecomastia and a high digit ratio.

References

Feb 18, 1993·The New England Journal of Medicine·G D Braunstein
Oct 20, 2000·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·J M PenslerA Molteni
Jan 1, 1997·Hormone Research·R Mathur, G D Braunstein
Sep 25, 2002·International Journal of Andrology·Halil önder ErsözHayati Tor
May 9, 2003·The New England Journal of Medicine·Makio ShozuSerdar E Bulun
Jan 15, 2004·International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health·Orhan DermanTezer Kutluk
Feb 5, 2004·The Breast : Official Journal of the European Society of Mastology·H N KhanR W Blamey
Jul 9, 2004·The Journal of Pediatrics·Sarah E LawrenceMargaret L Lawson
Aug 5, 2004·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Harold E CarlsonC V Rao
Sep 10, 2004·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Paul V PlourdePhilippe F Backeljauw
Apr 23, 2008·European Journal of Endocrinology·Izabella Czajka-OraniecJerzy Ostrowski
Jul 11, 2008·Histopathology·M FerreiraS André
Jul 16, 2008·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Christina A Nordt, Amy D DiVasta
Sep 8, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Zhengui Zheng, Martin J Cohn
Sep 21, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·John T Manning
Jul 14, 2012·São Paulo Medical Journal = Revista Paulista De Medicina·Alfredo Carlos Simões Dornellas de Barros, Marcelo de Castro Moura Sampaio
Jul 19, 2012·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Kathryn L VaillancourtPeter L Hurd
Dec 30, 2014·Early Human Development·Anna Kasielska-Trojan, Bogusław Antoszewski

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 23, 2020·Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM·Anna Kasielska-TrojanBoguslaw Antoszewski

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.