Isolated central vestibular syndrome

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Sung-Hee KimJi-Soo Kim

Abstract

Isolated vestibular syndrome may occur all along the vestibular pathways from the peripheral labyrinth to the brain. By virtue of recent developments in clinical neurotology and neuroimaging, however, diagnosis of isolated central vestibulopathy is increasing. Here, we review five distinct syndromes of isolated central vestibular syndrome from lesions restricted to the vestibular nuclei, the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, the flocculus, the tonsil, and the nodulus, and introduce a new vestibular syndrome from isolated involvement of the inferior cerebellar peduncle. Decreased responses to head impulses do not exclude a central lesion as a cause of isolated vestibular syndrome. Brain imaging, including diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may be falsely negative during the acute phase in patients with isolated vestibular syndrome because of a stroke. Central signs should be sought carefully in patients with isolated vertigo, even when the patients show the features of peripheral vestibulopathy and negative MRIs. Recognition of these isolated central vestibular syndromes would aid in defining the lesions responsible for various vestibular manifestations in central vestibulopathy.

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Citations

Jun 30, 2015·Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine·Ileok Jung, Ji-Soo Kim
Apr 22, 2017·Nature Reviews. Neurology·Thomas Brandt, Marianne Dieterich
Jun 14, 2017·ELife·Guillaume P DuguéClément Léna
Dec 13, 2016·Current Opinion in Neurology·Jeong-Yoon Choi, Ji-Soo Kim
Nov 4, 2017·Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology : the Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society·Seung-Han LeeJi-Soo Kim
Apr 15, 2016·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Sung-Hee KimJi-Soo Kim
Nov 20, 2019·Current Opinion in Neurology·Andreas Zwergal, Marianne Dieterich
Jul 1, 2015·Journal of Neurology·Daniel R Gold, David S Zee

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