Isolated lower extremity monoplegia due to a traumatic intraparenchymal contusion: report of two cases

Brain Injury : [BI]
Bradley C LegaJames M Schuster

Abstract

Although existing literature includes reports of isolated lower extremity monoparesis/monoplegia (MP) due to epidural or subdural haematomas, instances due to traumatic intraparenchymal contusions near the vertex have not been described [corrected].Due to the limitations of conventional axial computed tomographic (CT) imaging, the evidence of a vertex contusion may be under-appreciated if an overlying skull fracture is absent. Two cases of isolated MP due to vertex contusions are described and the physical forces involved in the head trauma are described to explain the location of the contusions. Vertex intraparenchymal contusions are rare because of the way the brain deforms in response to the accelerational forces acting on it during head trauma. This study analyses patients' injuries and addresses the importance of considering the forces acting on the brain when evaluating a victim of head trauma. Isolated lower extremity MP following head trauma is rare because haematomas in the fronto-parietal cortex near the midline that could produce such a deficit are rare. The limitations of typical axial CT imaging can be overcome with coronal reconstructions. Practitioners who evaluate patients with isolated MP after head injury shou...Continue Reading

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brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.