Isolation and characterization of two acaricidal compounds from Calpurnia aurea subsp. aurea (Fabaceae) leaf extract

Experimental & Applied Acarology
Olubukola T AdenubiVinny Naidoo

Abstract

The menace caused by ticks and tick-borne diseases is a major limitation to the livestock industry in Africa. The high costs and non-availability of synthetic, chemical acaricides to resource-limited farmers, resistance of ticks to available acaricides and residue problems in meat and milk consumed by humans further complicate matters. The use of plant extracts as a possible source of new acaricides has received much interest in the last decade. In our endeavour to discover natural acaricidal compounds, tick toxicant bioassays were conducted and the chloroform fraction of Calpurnia aurea ethanol leaf extract had good acaricidal activity. Further purification of the fraction revealed two flavonoids, isolated from C. aurea for the first time. These flavonoids were characterized as apigenin-7-O-β-D-glycoside and isorhoifolin by means of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry analysis. Isorhoifolin was the most potent compound (LC50 = 0.65 mg/ml), was not cytotoxic and should be further investigated for its potential as an acaricidal agent.

References

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Oct 28, 2010·Tropical Animal Health and Production·James MadzimureBrighton M Mvumi
Jan 19, 2012·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Ursula Wölwer-Rieck
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Jun 4, 2016·Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B·Hong-Yun PengJin-Zhong Xu

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Citations

Dec 4, 2019·Experimental & Applied Acarology·J C G FigueiredoE R Duarte
May 30, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Osvaldo YañezWilliam Tiznado

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
column chromatography
silica gel column chromatography
NMR

Software Mentioned

SciFinder
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad

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