PMID: 8594815Sep 1, 1995Paper

Isolation and interaction of ON and OFF pathways in human vision: pattern--polarity effects on contrast discrimination

Vision Research
R W Bowen

Abstract

To activate selectively cortical ON and OFF pathways, I measured pattern contrast discrimination functions and manipulated contrast polarity (positive and negative) of base contrast (C) and added contrast (delta C). C was a large, long-duration cosine mask and delta C was a brief, localized, spatially narrow-band "D6" pattern. For same polarity C and delta C, contrast discrimination followed a "dipper" pattern: threshold facilitation at low C and a power relation (exponent < 1.0) at high C. The facilitation is predicted from the low-contrast response of cortical neurons and seems to represent isolation of an ON or OFF pathway. Opposite polarity C and delta C give a monotonic function. delta C increases at low base C and remaining higher than the same-polarity function at higher C values. This represents interaction between ON and OFF pathways. Pathway isolation also occurs: a positive test is detected as a contrast increment if masked by negative contrast and a negative test is detected as a contrast decrement if masked by positive contrast. Quantitative aspects of the data suggest a subtractive interaction at low C values and a divisive interaction between pathways at high C values. Test contrast thresholds upon uniform fields...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 12, 2000·Progress in Neurobiology·H Nakagawa, N Matsumoto
Mar 21, 1998·Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision·R W Bowen, H de Ridder

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