Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals

Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE
Kateena Addae KonaduVincent C Bond

Abstract

Exosomes are small vesicles ranging in size from 30 nm to 100 nm that are released both constitutively and upon stimulation from a variety of cell types. They are found in a number of biological fluids and are known to carry a variety of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid molecules. Originally thought to be little more than reservoirs for cellular debris, the roles of exosomes regulating biological processes and in diseases are increasingly appreciated. Several methods have been described for isolating exosomes from cellular culture media and biological fluids. Due to their small size and low density, differential ultracentrifugation and/or ultrafiltration are the most commonly used techniques for exosome isolation. However, plasma of HIV-1 infected individuals contains both exosomes and HIV viral particles, which are similar in size and density. Thus, efficient separation of exosomes from HIV viral particles in human plasma has been a challenge. To address this limitation, we developed a procedure modified from Cantin et. al., 2008 for purification of exosomes from HIV particles in human plasma. Iodixanol velocity gradients were used to separate exosomes from HIV-1 particles in the plasma of HIV-1 positive individuals. Virus p...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 20, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Esther Nolte-'t HoenLeonid B Margolis
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Nov 18, 2017·Journal of Neurovirology·Guoku HuShilpa Buch
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Feb 12, 2021·Viruses·Liying ZhangLinzhu Ren
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Jul 30, 2021·Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS·Jing ChenWeihua Li

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