Isoniazid or moxifloxacin in rifapentine-based regimens for experimental tuberculosis?

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Ian M RosenthalEric L Nuermberger

Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated that combined substitutions of rifapentine for rifampin and moxifloxacin for isoniazid in the standard, daily, short-course regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide produces stable cure in 12 weeks or less. This study was designed to more precisely evaluate the contribution of moxifloxacin and isoniazid to rifapentine-based regimens. We compared bactericidal activity and treatment-shortening potential between regimens consisting of isoniazid or moxifloxacin plus rifapentine and pyrazinamide administered either thrice-weekly or daily. Using a mouse model of tuberculosis, we assessed bactericidal activity by performing quantitative cultures of lung homogenates over the first 12 weeks of treatment. Relapse rates were assessed after completing 8, 10, and 12 weeks of treatment to determine the duration of treatment necessary for stable cure. After 4 weeks of treatment, daily and thrice-weekly therapy with rifapentine, moxifloxacin, and pyrazinamide was significantly more active than treatment with rifapentine, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. By 8 weeks of treatment, all mice receiving the moxifloxacin-containing regimens were lung culture negative, whereas those mice receiving the isoniazid-cont...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 27, 2011·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Jamie HarperSanjay K Jain
Aug 2, 2012·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Susan E DormanUNKNOWN Tuberculosis Trials Consortium
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