Isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV-1-infected adults: results of a randomized controlled trial
Abstract
To determine the efficacy of isoniazid 300 mg daily for 6 months in the prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1-infected adults and to determine whether tuberculosis preventive therapy prolongs survival in HIV-1-infected adults. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Nairobi, Kenya. Six hundred and eighty-four HIV-1-infected adults. Development of tuberculosis and death. Three hundred and forty-two subjects received isoniazid and 342 received placebo. The median CD4 lymphocyte counts at enrolment were 322 and 346 x 10(6)/l in the isoniazid and placebo groups, respectively. The overall median follow-up from enrolment was 1.83 years (range, 0-3.4 years). The incidence of tuberculosis in the isoniazid group was 4.29 per 100 person-years (PY) of observation [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.78-6.33] and 3.86 per 100 PY of observation (95% CI, 2.45-5.79) in the placebo group, giving an adjusted rate ratio for isoniazid versus placebo of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.49-1.71). The adjusted rate ratio for tuberculosis for isoniazid versus placebo for tuberculin skin test (TST)-positive subjects was 0.60 (95% CI, 0.23-1.60) and for the TST-negative subjects, 1.23 (95% CI, 0.55-2.76). The overall adjusted mortality rate ratio for isoniazid v...Continue Reading
Associated Clinical Trials
References
Effect of isoniazid prophylaxis on incidence of active tuberculosis and progression of HIV infection
Citations
Prophylaxis against opportunistic infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection
Review of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa
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Antitubercular agents are pharmacologic agents for treatment of tuberculosis. Discover the latest research on antitubercular agents here.