It depends: Approach and avoidance reactions to emotional expressions are influenced by the contrast emotions presented in the task

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
Andrea Paulus, Dirk Wentura

Abstract

Studies examining approach and avoidance reactions to emotional expressions have yielded conflicting results. For example, expressions of anger have been reported to elicit approach reactions in some studies but avoidance reactions in others. Nonetheless, the results were often explained by the same general underlying process, namely the influence that the social message signaled by the expression has on motivational responses. It is therefore unclear which reaction is triggered by which emotional expression, and which underlying process is responsible for these reactions. In order to address this issue, we examined the role of a potential moderator on approach and avoidance reactions to emotional expressions, namely the contrast emotion used in the task. We believe that different approach and avoidance reactions occur depending on the congruency or incongruency of the evaluation of the 2 emotions presented in the task. The results from a series of experiments supported these assumptions: Negative emotional expressions (anger, fear, sadness) elicited avoidance reactions if contrasted with expressions of happiness. However, if contrasted with a different negative emotional expression, anger and sadness triggered approach reactio...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 8, 2016·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Christof KuhbandnerBernhard Pastötter
Feb 24, 2017·Experimental Aging Research·Thomas M HessClaire M Growney
Jan 22, 2019·Cognition & Emotion·Anand Krishna, Andreas B Eder
Aug 19, 2021·International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie·Shinnosuke Ikeda
Nov 19, 2021·Memory & Cognition·Jini TaeMyeong-Ho Sohn

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