Japanese encephalitis virus infection initiates endoplasmic reticulum stress and an unfolded protein response

Journal of Virology
Hong-Lin SuYi-Ling Lin

Abstract

The malfunctioning of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells in hosts ranging from yeast to mammals can trigger an unfolded protein response (UPR). Such malfunctioning can result from a variety of ER stresses, including the inhibition of protein glycosylation and calcium imbalance. To cope with ER stresses, cells may rely on the UPR to send a signal(s) from the ER to the nucleus to stimulate appropriate cellular responses, including induction of chaperone expression. During Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection, the lumen of the ER rapidly accumulates substantial amounts of viral proteins for virus progeny production. In the present study, we demonstrate that as evidenced by certain chaperone inductions, JEV infection triggers the UPR in fibroblast BHK-21 cells and in neuronal N18 and NT-2 cells, in which JEV results in apoptotic cell death. By contrast, no UPR was observed in apoptosis-resistant K562 cells infected by JEV. JEV infection also activates expression of CHOP/GADD153, a distinctive transcription factor often induced by the UPR, and appears to trigger activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, a posttranslational activator of CHOP. Ectopic enforcement of CHOP expression enhanced JEV-induced apoptosis,...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 21, 2010·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Yu-Chin SuJiann-Ruey Hong
May 13, 2009·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Kallol DuttaAnirban Basu
Jan 25, 2012·Cell Stress & Chaperones·Heather F BurnettRui Ray Lu
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Mar 10, 2011·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·José Peña, Eva Harris
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Nov 5, 2011·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Elisabetta CaselliDario Di Luca
Jun 3, 2009·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Richard C Austin
Oct 14, 2011·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Akiko Numajiri HarukiKyosuke Nagata
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May 14, 2005·Journal of Virology·Jennifer A IslerJames C Alwine
Sep 6, 2005·Journal of Virology·Alec J HirschJay A Nelson

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