Japan's healthcare policy for the elderly through the concepts of self-help (Ji-jo), mutual aid (Go-jo), social solidarity care (Kyo-jo), and governmental care (Ko-jo)

Bioscience Trends
Kyoko SudoKenzo Takahashi

Abstract

Elderly care is an emerging global issue threatening both developed and developing countries. The elderly in Japan increased to 26.7% of the population in 2015, and Japan is classified as a super-aged society. In this article, we introduce the financial aspects of the medical care and welfare services policy for the elderly in Japan. Japan's universal health insurance coverage system has been in place since 1961. Long-term care includes welfare services, which were separated from the medical care insurance scheme in 2000 when Japan was already recognized as an aging society. Since then, the percentage of the population over 65 has increased dramatically, with the productive-age population on the decrease. The Japanese government, therefore, is seeking to implement "The Community-based Integrated Care System" with the aim of building comprehensive up-to-the-end-of-life support services in each community. The system has four proposed elements: self-help (Ji-jo), mutual aid (Go-jo), social solidarity care (Kyo-jo), and government care (Ko-jo). From the financial perspective, as the government struggles against the financial burdens of an aging population, they are considering self-help and mutual aid. Based on Japan's present situ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 18, 2020·Psychogeriatrics : the Official Journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society·Mayumi FukutakeTetsuya Ogino
Nov 27, 2018·Bioscience Trends·Yuki NaganumaKenzo Takahashi
Jul 11, 2019·Journal of Gerontological Social Work·Yoshihisa HirakawaAtsuko Aoyama
Dec 8, 2019·Journal of Cancer Survivorship : Research and Practice·Yutaka J MatsuokaTsuguya Fukui
Nov 3, 2020·Journal of Physical Therapy Science·Yuji Maruyama
Aug 20, 2021·The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging·K KawamuraI Kondo

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