Jejunal villus absorption and paracellular tight junction permeability are major routes for early intestinal uptake of food-grade TiO2 particles: an in vivo and ex vivo study in mice.

Particle and Fibre Toxicology
Christine ComéraEric Houdeau

Abstract

Food-grade TiO2 (E171 in the EU) is widely used as a coloring agent in foodstuffs, including sweets. Chronic dietary exposure raises concerns for human health due to proinflammatory properties and the ability to induce and promote preneoplastic lesions in the rodent gut. Characterization of intestinal TiO2 uptake is essential for assessing the health risk in humans. We studied in vivo the gut absorption kinetics of TiO2 in fasted mice orally given a single dose (40 mg/kg) to assess the ability of intestinal apical surfaces to absorb particles when available without entrapment in the bolus. The epithelial translocation pathways were also identified ex vivo using intestinal loops in anesthetized mice. The absorption of TiO2 particles was analyzed in gut tissues by laser-reflective confocal microscopy and ICP-MS at 4 and 8 h following oral administration. A bimodal pattern was detected in the small intestine: TiO2 absorption peaked at 4 h in jejunal and ileal villi before returning to basal levels at 8 h, while being undetectable at 4 h but significantly present at 8 h in the jejunal Peyer's patches (PP). Lower absorption occurred in the colon, while TiO2 particles were clearly detectable by confocal microscopy in the blood at 4 a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 18, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Estefany I Medina-ReyesJosé Pedraza-Chaverri
May 13, 2021·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF)Matthew Wright
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Clara MancusoDonatella Barisani

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electronic microscopy
confocal microscopy
transmission
X-ray

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
Prism

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