K+ and Mg2+ Dyshomeostasis in Acute Hyperadrenergic Stressor States

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
Mannu NayyarKarl T Weber

Abstract

Acute stressor states are linked to neurohormonal activation that includes the adrenergic nervous system. Elevations in circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine unmask an interdependency that exists between K+ and Mg2+ based on their regulation of a large number of Mg2+-dependent Na+-K+-ATPase pumps present in skeletal muscle. The hyperadrenergic state accounts for a sudden translocation of cations into muscle with the rapid appearance of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. The resultant hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia will cause a delay in myocardial repolarization and electrocardiographic QTc prolongation raising the propensity for supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. In this review, we focus on the interdependency between K+ and Mg2+, which is clinically relevant to acute hyperadrenergic stressor states found in patients admitted to intensive care units.

Citations

Feb 12, 2019·Neurological Research·Chuan-Yi FuJian-Nong Zhao
Jul 24, 2020·Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·David S Goldstein
Jun 2, 2021·Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association·Kiyomitsu FukaguchiTadahiro Goto

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