Ketamine exposure demographics and outcomes over 16 years as reported to US poison centers

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Andrew NiRichard F Clark

Abstract

This study sought to examine ketamine exposures reported to US poison centers over the past 16 years and identify trends in exposures and outcomes. A retrospective review was performed of all cases involving ketamine exposures reported to US poison centers and entered into the National Poison Data System from 2000 to 2015. Cases were divided into those involving ketamine alone and those involving ketamine and other agents. Data collected included: age, sex, form of ketamine used, reason for exposure, and outcome. A total of 3109 cases were evaluated. 1595 (51%) reported ketamine to be the only substance exposure, while 1514 (49%) involved multiple substances with ketamine. For single agent exposures, more involved males (67%) between the ages of 16-25 years (49%). Single agent ketamine exposures peaked between 2000 and 2002, fell consistently until 2008; then rebounded to previous peak levels through 2015. Intentional exposures (65% of all cases) were the most common reason for single agent ketamine exposures. 53% of ketamine-only cases resulted in minor effects, with two deaths. In contrast, ketamine exposures with multiple agents resulted in outcomes judged as moderate or worse in 62% of cases, including 20 deaths. Single-age...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 3, 2020·Behavioural Brain Research·Keith A Trujillo, Sergio D Iñiguez
Jul 11, 2021·Advances in Pediatrics·Raymen R Assaf, Kelly D Young
Dec 29, 2020·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·David M VuYekaterina Opsha

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved