Ketamine increases the amplitude of the 40-Hz auditory steady-state response in humans

British Journal of Anaesthesia
G PlourdeV Bonhomme

Abstract

The auditory middle latency response (AMLR) and the 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (40-Hz ASSR) are evoked potentials which possibly arise from the same generators in the primary auditory cortex. Both responses are attenuated by most general anaesthetics. Ketamine, however, has been reported to have no effect on the AMLR. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of ketamine on the 40-Hz ASSR. Spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) was also conducted to independently examine the effects of ketamine. Ketamine 1.5 mg kg-1 was given to 12 patients for induction of general anaesthesia. Recordings of the 40-Hz ASSR and EEG were obtained every minute from 3 min before administration of ketamine to 5 min after injection, when the study was terminated. Similar recordings were obtained in three control subjects under identical conditions except that no medication was administered. Consciousness, defined as responsiveness to verbal commands, was assessed before each recording. Ketamine caused an increase in the amplitude of the 40-Hz ASSR (P < 0.01). Using published AMLR data, we conducted a simulation experiment that suggested that the effect of ketamine on the AMLR can explain its effects on the amplitude of the 40-Hz ASSR...Continue Reading

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