Ketone Body, 3-Hydroxybutyrate: Minor Metabolite - Major Medical Manifestations.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Niels Møller

Abstract

Ketone bodies - 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB), acetoacetate, and acetone - are ancient, evolutionarily preserved, small fuel substrates, which uniquely can substitute and alternate with glucose under conditions of fuel and food deficiency. Once canonized as a noxious, toxic pathogen leading to ketoacidosis in patients with diabetes, it is now becoming increasingly clear that 3-OHB possesses a large number of beneficial, life-preserving effects in the fields of clinical science and medicine. 3-OHB, the most prominent ketone body, binds to specific hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptors and inhibits histone deacetylase enzymes, free fatty acid receptors, and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, tentatively inhibiting lipolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer growth, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis, and perhaps contributing to the increased longevity associated with exercise and caloric restriction. Clinically ketone bodies/ketogenic diets have for a long time been used to reduce the incidence of seizures in epilepsy and may have a role in the treatment of other neurological diseases such as dementia. 3-OHB also acts to preserve muscle protein during systemic inflammation and is an important component of the metabolic d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 26, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nicole Jacqueline JensenJørgen Rungby
Mar 12, 2021·Cardiovascular Research·Shingo TakaharaJason R B Dyck
Jul 14, 2021·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Yu LiuWilliam L Lowe
Aug 18, 2021·Metabolomics : Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society·Jessica D Murillo-SaichMonica Guma
Aug 20, 2021·Cancer Management and Research·Sisi HuangLiang Zhao
Aug 21, 2021·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Aliya YaoGuo-Qiang Chen
Oct 5, 2021·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Kevin T NguyenDavid C Klonoff

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