PMID: 9172386Jul 1, 1997Paper

Kidney cell survival in high tonicity

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Physiology
J S Handler, H M Kwon

Abstract

The kidney medulla of mammals undergoes large changes in tonicity in parallel with the tonicity of the final urine that emerges from the kidney at the tip of the medulla. When the medulla is hypertonic, its cells accumulate the compatible osmolytes myo-inositol, betaine, taurine, sorbitol and glycerophosphorylcholine. The mechanisms by which the compatible osmolytes are accumulated have been explored extensively in kidney-derived cells in culture. Myo-inositol, betaine and taurine are accumulated by increased activity of specific sodium-coupled transporters, sorbitol by increased synthesis of aldose reductase that catalyses the synthesis of sorbitol from glucose. Glycerophosphorylcholine accumulates primarily because its degradation is reduced in cells in hypertonic medium. cDNAs for the cotransporters and for aldose reductase have been cloned and used to establish that hypertonicity increases the transcription of the genes for the cotransporters for myo-inositol, betaine and for aldose reductase. The region 5' to the promoter of the gene for the betaine cotransporter and for aldose reductase confer osmotic responsiveness to a heterologous promoter. The 12-bp sequence responsible for the transcriptional response to hypertonicit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 1, 1997·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Physiology·R Gilles
Mar 27, 2002·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·D Kültz, D Chakravarty
Dec 8, 2005·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Ryan J ArnerC Channa Reddy
Dec 31, 2003·Biochemical Pharmacology·María Fernández-TomeNorma Sterin-Speziale
Dec 15, 2005·Zoology : Analysis of Complex Systems, ZACS·D Kültz
Oct 4, 2002·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Ian V SilvaAníbal G Lopes
Dec 18, 2001·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·S H Hansen
Jul 25, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Pierre BissonnetteJean-Yves Lapointe
Oct 30, 2003·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Jeffrey I MechanickUNKNOWN American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
Oct 10, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Devulapalli ChakravartyDietmar Kültz

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