Kidney dysfunction and cadmium exposure--factors influencing dose-response relationships

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)
Gunnar F NordbergM Nordberg

Abstract

Our early toxicological studies showed that metallothionein (MT) is a protein that carries cadmium (Cd) to the kidney, explaining why Cd exposures during long time periods may give rise to kidney dysfunction. This dysfunction is usually considered to be the critical effect, i.e. the adverse effect that occurs at the lowest exposure level. MT also provides intracellular protection against cadmium toxicity. In studies of population groups in cadmium contaminated areas in China, we investigated factors that affected the relationship between internal dose of Cd, as indicated by blood Cd (BCd) or urinary Cd (UCd), and the prevalence of kidney dysfunction. We found dose-response relationships between UCd and the prevalence of increased levels of biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction (urinary beta-2-microglobulin, B2M, or N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase - NAG) or urinary albumin (UAlb), a biomarker of glomerular kidney dysfunction. Two years after Cd intake from contaminated rice was diminished, renal tubular dysfunction appeared unchanged or aggravated among those with higher UCd; Another 8 years later, i.e. 10 years after Cd intake was decreased, the prevalence of renal tubular dysfunction was still increased but UAlb had returned...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2014·Neurotoxicity Research·Hong LiuRichard Salvi
Sep 16, 2014·Current Environmental Health Reports·Laura ZhengAna Navas-Acien
Mar 7, 2013·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·Grace ChoongDouglas M Templeton
Jun 6, 2015·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Shen KeZhi-Nan Chen
Jan 27, 2015·Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)·Sandeep K AgnihotriIlora Ghosh
Oct 15, 2014·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Stanford GuanJaymie Meliker
Jun 14, 2016·The Science of the Total Environment·Aikaterini SakellariMichael Scoullos
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Feb 27, 2014·Environmental Health Perspectives·Agneta ÅkessonStaffan Skerfving
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Sep 7, 2020·BMC Nephrology·Yuting LiShen Ke
Mar 19, 2021·Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology·Lalit ChandravanshiSudhir Kumar

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