Kinematics of ram filter feeding and beat-glide swimming in the northern anchovy Engraulis mordax

The Journal of Experimental Biology
Nicholas Carey, Jeremy A Goldbogen

Abstract

In the dense aquatic environment, the most adept swimmers are streamlined to reduce drag and increase the efficiency of locomotion. However, because they open their mouth to wide gape angles to deploy their filtering apparatus, ram filter feeders apparently switch between diametrically opposite swimming modes: highly efficient, streamlined 'beat-glide' swimming, and ram filter feeding, which has been hypothesized to be a high-cost feeding mode because of presumed increased drag. Ram filter-feeding forage fish are thought to play an important role in the flux of nutrients and energy in upwelling ecosystems; however, the biomechanics and energetics of this feeding mechanism remain poorly understood. We quantified the kinematics of an iconic forage fish, the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, during ram filter feeding and non-feeding, mouth-closed beat-glide swimming. Although many kinematic parameters between the two swimming modes were similar, we found that swimming speeds and tailbeat frequencies were significantly lower during ram feeding. Rather than maintain speed with the school, a speed which closely matches theoretical optimum filter-feeding speeds was consistently observed. Beat-glide swimming was characterized by high...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 27, 2019·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Adam SchroederS Laurie Sanderson
May 6, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·David E CadeAlistair D M Dove
Jun 14, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·J A Goldbogen, P T Madsen
Sep 30, 2021·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Tierney Baldwin, Nicholas A Battista

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