Kinetic control of translation initiation in bacteria
Abstract
Translation initiation is a crucial step of protein synthesis which largely defines how the composition of the cellular transcriptome is converted to the proteome and controls the response and adaptation to environmental stimuli. The efficiency of translation of individual mRNAs, and hence the basal shape of the proteome, is defined by the structures of the mRNA translation initiation regions. Initiation efficiency can be regulated by small molecules, proteins, or antisense RNAs, underscoring its importance in translational control. Although initiation has been studied in bacteria for decades, many aspects remain poorly understood. Recent evidence has suggested an unexpected diversity of pathways by which mRNAs can be recruited to the bacterial ribosome, the importance of structural dynamics of initiation intermediates, and the complexity of checkpoints for mRNA selection. In this review, we discuss how the ribosome shapes the landscape of translation initiation by non-linear kinetic processing of the transcriptome information. We summarize the major pathways by which mRNAs enter the ribosome depending on the structure of their 5' untranslated regions, the assembly and the structure of initiation intermediates, the individual a...Continue Reading
References
The nucleotide-binding site of bacterial translation initiation factor 2 (IF2) as a metabolic sensor
Ribosome collisions and translation efficiency: optimization by codon usage and mRNA destabilization
Citations
70S-scanning initiation is a novel and frequent initiation mode of ribosomal translation in bacteria
Related Concepts
Trending Feeds
COVID-19
Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a rare rheumatic disease that affects children. Symptoms include joint pain, but also fevers and skin rashes. Here is the latest on this disease.
Chromatin Regulation and Circadian Clocks
The circadian clock plays an important role in regulating transcriptional dynamics through changes in chromatin folding and remodelling. Discover the latest research on Chromatin Regulation and Circadian Clocks here.
Central Pontine Myelinolysis
Central Pontine Myelinolysis is a neurologic disorder caused most frequently by rapid correction of hyponatremia and is characterized by demyelination that affects the central portion of the base of the pons. Here is the latest research on this disease.
Myocardial Stunning
Myocardial stunning is a mechanical dysfunction that persists after reperfusion of previously ischemic tissue in the absence of irreversible damage including myocardial necrosis. Here is the latest research.
Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia
Pontocerebellar hypoplasias are a group of neurodegenerative autosomal recessive disorders with prenatal onset, atrophy or hypoplasia of the cerebellum, hypoplasia of the ventral pons, microcephaly, variable neocortical atrophy and severe mental and motor impairments. Here is the latest research on pontocerebellar hypoplasia.
Cell Atlas Along the Gut-Brain Axis
Profiling cells along the gut-brain axis at the single cell level will provide unique information for each cell type, a three-dimensional map of how cell types work together to form tissues, and insights into how changes in the map underlie health and disease of the GI system and its crosstalk with the brain. Disocver the latest research on single cell analysis of the gut-brain axis here.
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive degenerative disease that occurs in individuals that suffer repetitive brain trauma. Discover the latest research on traumatic encephalopathy here.