Kinetic properties of saxitoxin in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP
Marit Jørgensen Bakke, Tor Einar Horsberg

Abstract

The disposition of STX in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) was studied after intraperitoneal (IP) injection (5 microg STX/kg bm and 3.43 microg (3)H-STXeq/kg bw respectively), intravenous (IV) injection (5 microg STX/kg bm, only salmon) and waterborne exposure (50 microg STXeq/L, only salmon). Plasma concentrations in salmon were quantified using a receptor binding assay and cod tissues were analyzed using scintillation counting of tissue extracts and autoradiography of whole fish slices. The estimated elimination half-life (T(1/2)) after IV administration of STX in salmon was 102.6 min. The volume of distribution (Vz) was observed to be 467.2 mL/kg and the total body clearance (Cl(T)) was 3.2 mL/min/kg. Waterborne exposure clearly showed that salmon absorbed PSP toxins directly from the water. In cod, (3)H-STX was observed in gills, muscle, brain, liver and posterior kidney from 30 to 480 min. The lowest concentrations of (3)H-STX were found in brain and muscle, whereas posterior kidney contained the majority of the toxin. Autoradiograms confirmed the high levels of (3)H-STX in the kidneys, indicating that renal excretion was the main elimination route. Buildup of harmful levels in edible tissue is...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 5, 2013·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Ruben ZamoranoCarlos García
Feb 12, 2013·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Thierry JauffraisPhilipp Hess
Jul 26, 2021·Harmful Algae·Joanna L KershawAilsa J Hall

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