PMID: 6164386Mar 17, 1981Paper

Kinetics for development of gramicidin-induced ion permeability in unilamellar phospholipid vesicles

Biochemistry
N R Clement, J M Gould

Abstract

Two kinetics for the development of gramicidin-dependent cation permeability in small unilamellar vesicles have been studied by using a vesicle-entrapped, pH-sensitive fluorescence probe to continuously report changes in intravesicular pH. The incorporation of 4-5 gramicidin dimers/vesicle was sufficient to increase the proton and counterion permeability of that vesicle by several orders of magnitude, so that ionic equilibration following a perturbation of the external medium pH occurred in less than 1 s. Once a functional gramicidin dimer has become incorporated into one vesicle, it does not readily exchange into another, so that the effects of gramicidin with regard to an individual vesicle can be considered to be essentially "all or none." The rate at which transmembrane ion permeability develops in a vesicle suspension was found to depend upon the degree of fluidity of the membrane hydrocarbon interior, being much lower at low temperatures or when cholesterol was present in the bilayer. Low temperatures and increasing bilayer cholesterol content also decreased the number of vesicles affected by a given gramicidin concentration, indicating a decreased membrane solubility for the ionophore at low bilayer fluidities.

References

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Citations

Feb 1, 1989·The Journal of Membrane Biology·D W Deamer, J W Nichols
Dec 11, 1992·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J A Killian
Jul 10, 1999·Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry·X HuangK Nakanishi
Feb 1, 1982·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M M PikeC S Springer
Jul 26, 2014·International Journal of Nanomedicine·Danielle A M T RagiotoAna M Carmona-Ribeiro
Feb 22, 1985·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·D Sambasivarao, V Sitaramam
May 24, 2014·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Mischa MegensDavid A Horsley
Dec 9, 1991·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·B S Prabhananda, M M Ugrankar
Jun 30, 1982·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·J M Gould, J Saxer
Mar 31, 2015·Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology·Michaela WenzelJulia Elisabeth Bandow
Mar 27, 2015·Biopolymers·Kwang-Im OhFeng Gai
Nov 25, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Letícia Dias de Melo CarrascoAna M Carmona-Ribeiro

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