KiSS-1, a novel human malignant melanoma metastasis-suppressor gene

Journal of the National Cancer Institute
J H LeeD R Welch

Abstract

Microcell-mediated transfer of chromosome 6 into human C8161 and MelJuSo melanoma cell suppresses their ability to metastasize by at least 95% without affecting their tumorigenicity. This observation demonstrates that the ability to metastasize is a phenotype distinct from tumor formation and suggests that tumorigenic cells acquire metastatic capability only after accumulating additional genetic defects. These results also imply that mutations of genes on chromosome 6 are among those late genetic changes responsible for metastatic potential. They further suggest that a melanoma metastasis-suppressor gene(s) is encoded on chromosome 6 or is regulated by genes on chromosome 6. Our objective was to identify the gene(s) responsible for the suppression of metastasis in chromosome 6/melanoma cell hybrids. A modified subtractive hybridization technique was used to compare the expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), via an analysis of complementary DNAs (cDNAs), in metastatic cells (C8161 or MelJuSo) and nonmetastatic hybrid clones (neo6/C8161 or neo6/MelJuSo). A novel cDNA, designated KiSS-1, was isolated from malignant melanoma cells that had been suppressed for metastatic potential by the introduction of human chromosome 6. Northern b...Continue Reading

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