Klotho and S100A8/A9 as Discriminative Markers between Pre-Renal and Intrinsic Acute Kidney Injury

PloS One
Ae Jin KimJi Yong Jung

Abstract

Early detection and accurate differentiation of the cause of AKI may improve the prognosis of the patient. However, to date, there are few reliable biomarkers that can discriminate between pre-renal and intrinsic AKI. In this study, we determined whether AKI is associated with altered serum and urinary levels of Klotho, S100A8/A9 (an endogenous ligand of toll-like receptor 4), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), which may allow differentiation between pre-renal and intrinsic AKI. A volume-depleted pre-renal AKI model was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats fed a low-salt diet (0.03%) without water 96 h before two intraperitoneal (IP) injections of furosemide (20 mg/kg) at a 24 h interval. In contrast, in the cisplatin-induced intrinsic AKI model, animals were given a single IP injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg). All of the animals were euthanized 72 h after the first IP injection. Serum and urinary levels of Klotho, S100A8/A9, and NGAL were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also performed a proof-of-concept cross-sectional study to measure serum and urinary biomarkers in 61 hospitalized patients with established AKI. Compared to the intrinsic AKI group, the pre-renal AKI group showed a mar...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 4, 2017·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Marco FiorentinoJohn A Kellum
Feb 28, 2019·Biomarkers in Medicine·Zacharoula NikolakopoulouAnne Burke-Gaffney
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Jul 24, 2020·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Javier A NeyraOrson W Moe
May 25, 2016·International Urology and Nephrology·Rigas G KalaitzidisKostas C Siamopoulos
Sep 26, 2017·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Orapun JaturakanAnudep Rungsipipat
Feb 7, 2021·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Jinkun Xia, Wangsen Cao
Jan 23, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marlena Typiak, Agnieszka Piwkowska
Feb 27, 2021·Frontiers in Pediatrics·Anisha HegdeDorey A Glenn

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
protein assay
Assay
ELISA
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
GraphPad Prism

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