PMID: 2505438Jul 1, 1989Paper

Knot security of suture materials

Veterinary Surgery : VS
E Rosin, G M Robinson

Abstract

The knot security of chromic gut, polyglycolic acid, polyglactin 910, polydioxanone, polypropylene, and monofilament nylon size 2-0 suture materials were tested biomechanically in vitro. Twenty reproducible knots were tied and incubated in canine serum at 37 degrees for 24 hours before testing. A "secure knot" was defined as a knot that, when tested to failure, broke rather than untied by slippage. The minimum number of throws necessary to make a secure, snug (1500 g tension) square knot was three for gut, polyglycolic acid, polyglactin 910, and polypropylene and four for polydioxanone and nylon. All throws including the first were counted. With all suture materials tested, surgeon's knots were as secure as square knots. Only gut, polyglycolic acid, and polydioxanone granny knots were as secure as square knots; no loosely tied (500 g tension) asymmetric square knots were as secure as snug square knots, and only polydioxanone and polypropylene loose square knots were as secure as snug square knots. Square knots used to start a continuous pattern required one additional throw with gut, polydioxanone, and nylon. Square knots used to end a continuous pattern required two to three additional throws with all materials tested.

References

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Citations

Apr 13, 2012·Orthopedics·John E TidwellJoseph Prud'homme
Aug 26, 2014·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Kurtis M Hazenfield, Daniel D Smeak
Sep 6, 2005·World Journal of Surgery·Xavier BotetJoan Molinas
Mar 17, 2016·Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons·Eric SilverLiansheng Song
Jan 19, 2016·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials·Travis L CallahanCory B Maughan
Jan 3, 2013·Animal Reproduction Science·M A BabaI Khan
Sep 6, 2011·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice·Mary A McLoughlin
Aug 20, 2009·The Journal of Small Animal Practice·O SchaafR E Day
May 29, 2008·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials·Esra Karaca, Asli S Hockenberger
Aug 7, 2012·The Journal of Small Animal Practice·B J LeitchN Lopez-Vilalobos
Jan 5, 2014·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Danielle M MarturelloGavin Horn
Feb 1, 2005·The Journal of Surgical Research·Mark L Richey, Simon C Roe
Mar 3, 2015·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Angharad C J ThomasJackie L Demetriou
Feb 2, 2017·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Alex M GillenR Reid Hanson
Feb 25, 2014·Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery·John Williams
Sep 15, 2004·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Donna L ShettkoDean A Hendrickson
Dec 21, 2018·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Stephanie L ShaverErik H Hofmeister
Apr 15, 2004·Australian Veterinary Journal·R H H TanA J Dart
Apr 26, 2006·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Karen A HassanLinda M van Hoogmoed
Dec 3, 1999·Veterinary Surgery : VS·A RunkE A Mahaffey
Nov 19, 2017·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Fernando S Reina RodriguezBarbara M Kirby
May 12, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Fernando S Reina RodriguezBarbara M Kirby

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