L-Carnitine moiety assay: an up-to-date reappraisal covering the commonest methods for various applications

Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications
A Marzo, S Curti

Abstract

L-Carnitine and its esters are typical endogenous substances. Their homeostatic equilibria are effectively controlled by various mechanisms which include rate-limiting enteral absorption, a multicomponent endogenous pool which is regulated according to a mammillary metabolism, an asymmetric body distribution and a saturable tubular reabsorption process leading to renal thresholds. In formal pharmacokinetic and metabolic investigations, the whole L-carnitine pool should be investigated, owing to the rapid interchange process between the various components of the pool. Free L-carnitine, as well as its acyl esters, must therefore be considered from an analytical viewpoint. L-Carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine and total L-carnitine (the latter as an expression of the whole pool) can easily be assayed by enzyme or radioenzyme methods. Propionyl-L-carnitine and other esters containing fatty acids with more than three carbon atoms can be assayed using various HPLC approaches. Tandem mass spectrometry is another excellent approach to the assay of carnitine and its short-chain, medium-chain and long-chain esters. As L-carnitine contains a chiral carbon atom, the enantioselectivity of the assays is also considered in this review. Metabolites ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 23, 2002·The Biochemical Journal·Frédéric M Vaz, Ronald J A Wanders
Feb 16, 2013·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Sylwia MagieraJacek Baranowski
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Jun 28, 2011·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Yu CaoZhi-Wu Han
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Jun 29, 1999·Analytical Chemistry·D J Anderson

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