Laboratory-Based and Point-of-Care Testing for MSSA/MRSA Detection in the Age of Whole Genome Sequencing

Frontiers in Microbiology
Alex van Belkum, Olivier Rochas

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen of animals and humans that is capable of both colonizing and infecting its eukaryotic host. It is frequently detected in the clinical microbiology routine laboratory. S. aureus is capable of acquiring antibiotic resistance traits with ease and, given its rapid global dissemination, resistance to meticillin in S. aureus has received extensive coverage in the popular and medical press. The detection of meticillin-resistant versus meticillin-susceptible S. aureus (MRSA and MSSA) is of significant clinical importance. Detection of meticillin resistance is relatively straightforward since it is defined by a single determinant, penicillin-binding protein 2a', which exists in a limited number of genetic variants carried on various Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosomes mec. Diagnosis of MRSA and MSSA has evolved significantly over the past decades and there has been a strong shift from culture-based, phenotypic methods toward molecular detection, especially given the close correlation between the presence of the mec genes and phenotypic resistance. This brief review summarizes the current state of affairs concerning the mostly polymerase chain reaction-mediated detection of MRSA and MSSA...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 8, 2020·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Peter J DaileyMark Holodniy
Feb 15, 2020·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Alex van BelkumWilliam Michael Dunne
Aug 8, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Antti VasalaOlli H Laitinen
Dec 8, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Jared T BroddrickMary N Parenteau
Sep 12, 2020·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Sameer S KadriUNKNOWN forming the National Insititutes of Health Antimicrobial Resistance Outcomes Research Initiative (NIH-ARORI)
Feb 13, 2021·Trends in Biotechnology·Ioannis PrattisLuigi G Occhipinti
Jun 25, 2021·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Matthew Flynn, James Dooley

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
in silico methods
nucleic acid amplification
nucleic acid sequencing
PCR

Software Mentioned

CLC
Bionumerics
Seqsphere

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