Lack of Evidence for Laboratory and Natural Vertical Transmission of Bluetongue Virus in Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology
Cameron J OsborneN James MacLachlan

Abstract

Culicoides sonorensis (Wirth & Jones) is the principal North American vector of bluetongue virus (BTV). BTV infection of livestock is distinctly seasonal (late summer and fall) in temperate regions of the world such as California, which has led to speculation regarding vertical transmission of the virus within the midge vector as a potential mechanism for interseasonal maintenance ("overwintering") of the virus. To evaluate potential vertical transmission of BTV in its midge vector, we fed adult midges BTV-spiked blood and used a BTV-specific quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay to evaluate parent, egg, and progeny stages of laboratory-reared C. sonorensis for the presence of viral nucleic acid. Whereas BTV nucleic acid was weakly detected in egg batches of virus-fed female midges, virus was never detected in subsequent progeny stages (larvae, pupae, and F1 generation adults). Similarly, BTV was not detected in pools of larvae collected from the waste-water lagoon of a BTV-endemic dairy farm in northern California during the seasonal period of virus transmission. Collectively, these results indicate that BTV is not readily transmitted vertically in C. sonorensis, and that persistence of the virus i...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1994·Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·E P Gibbs, E C Greiner
Jul 12, 2002·Medical and Veterinary Entomology·E J WittmannM Baylis
Jan 22, 2005·The Journal of General Virology·David M WhiteBarry J Beaty
Aug 30, 2008·PLoS Biology·Anthony WilsonPhilip Scott Mellor

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Citations

Mar 8, 2017·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare
Feb 6, 2017·Journal of the South African Veterinary Association·Jumari SteynEstelle H Venter
May 20, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Christie MayoT Alex Perkins

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BETA
dissecting

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