Lactoferrin: A Roadmap to the Borderland between Caries and Periodontal Disease

Journal of Dental Research
Daniel H Fine

Abstract

Lactoferrin is one of a number of multifunctional proteins that are present in or on all mucosal surfaces throughout the body. Levels of lactoferrin are consistently elevated in inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, corneal disease, and periodontitis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lactoferrin have been shown to be present in individuals susceptible to Escherichia coli-induced travelers' diarrhea and in tear fluid derived from virally associated corneal disease. Here, we review data showing a lactoferrin SNP in amino acid position 29 in the antimicrobial region of lactoferrin that acts against caries associated bacteria. This SNP was initially discovered in African American subjects with localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) who had proximal bone loss but minimal proximal caries. Results were confirmed in a genetic association study of children from Brazil with this same SNP who showed a reduced level of caries. In vitro data indicate that lactoferrin from whole saliva derived from subjects with this SNP, recombinant human lactoferrin containing this SNP, or an 11-mer peptide designed for this SNP kills mutans streptococci associated with caries by >1 log. In contrast, the SNP has m...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 9, 2016·International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology·Luisa ZupinSergio Crovella
Oct 19, 2016·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·Luigi NibaliAlexandre R Vieira
Jun 8, 2017·Brazilian Oral Research·Andrea LipsGutemberg Gomes Alves
Nov 23, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Marian L KruzelJeffrey K Actor
Jun 1, 2018·International Journal of Dentistry·Teija RaivistoTimo Sorsa
Nov 24, 2020·Periodontology 2000·Luciana Macchion ShaddoxLuigi Nibali

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