Large-scale CFD simulations of the transitional and turbulent regime for the large human airways during rapid inhalation

Computers in Biology and Medicine
H CalmetD J Doorly

Abstract

The dynamics of unsteady flow in the human large airways during a rapid inhalation were investigated using highly detailed large-scale computational fluid dynamics on a subject-specific geometry. The simulations were performed to resolve all the spatial and temporal scales of the flow, thanks to the use of massive computational resources. A highly parallel finite element code was used, running on two supercomputers, solving the transient incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on unstructured meshes. Given that the finest mesh contained 350 million elements, the study sets a precedent for large-scale simulations of the respiratory system, proposing an analysis strategy for mean flow, fluctuations and wall shear stresses on a rapid and short inhalation (a so-called sniff). The geometry used encompasses the exterior face and the airways from the nasal cavity, through the trachea and up to the third lung bifurcation; it was derived from a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of a 48-year-old male. The transient inflow produces complex flows over a wide range of Reynolds numbers (Re). Thanks to the high fidelity simulations, many features involving the flow transition were observed, with the level of turbulence clearly hi...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1974·Journal of Biomechanics·B M Kim, W H Corcoran
Mar 16, 2007·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Ching-Long LinEric A Hoffman
Jul 3, 2008·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·D J DoorlyN Tolley
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Sep 4, 2009·Journal of Biomechanical Engineering·Brent A CravenMichael J Lawson
Sep 11, 2009·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·D J TaylorR C Schroter
Jan 31, 2012·International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology·Catherine E RennieDenis J Doorly
Nov 12, 2013·Computers in Biology and Medicine·Andreas LintermannWolfgang Schröder
Jan 1, 2015·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·A J BatesR C Schroter

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Citations

Jun 2, 2018·International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering·Minsuok KimYongmann M Chung
Aug 23, 2018·International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering·Alister J BatesRaouf S Amin
Sep 18, 2020·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·Reza TabeGoodarz Ahmadi
May 5, 2018·Frontiers in Physiology·Mario CeresaMiguel A González Ballester
Nov 12, 2020·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·H CalmetM Vázquez
Feb 7, 2021·Journal of Biomechanics·Omid BafkarIvan S Cole
Jul 30, 2021·European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·M SommerfeldS Kassinos
Nov 6, 2020·Computers in Biology and Medicine·Chamindu C GunatilakaAlister J Bates
Jul 31, 2018··Marc Josep-FabregoMarta Garcia-Gasulla

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