Late diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection is linked to higher rates of epilepsy in children in the Eastern Cape of South Africa

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
Isabel A MichaelisJohn S Lambert

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive children may present with a wide range of neurological disorders. Among these, epilepsy is of key concern because of its lifelong impact and potential for damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Few studies in developing regions have investigated the prevalence and aetiology of epilepsy in HIV-infected children as a key population. We describe the prevalence of epilepsy, associated neurological disabilities, immunological status, clinical stage and history of CNS infection at epilepsy diagnosis in a cohort of HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. We conducted a retrospective study (2004-2014) at two major referral sites for HIV-infected children diagnosed with epilepsy aged 0-16 years. Eligible subjects were extracted from the electronic medicine bridging access to care in excellence (EMBRACE) Paediatric Cohort using the Paediatric ART Data Management Tool (PADMT). Fixed data fields were interrogated for exposures to antiepileptic drugs. Unstructured 'comments' fields were searched for the terms: epilepsy, seizures, fits and szs, as well as abbreviated versions of common antiepileptic drug names. Eligible subject folders ...Continue Reading

References

Sep 13, 2001·Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews·W Mitchell
Dec 29, 2004·Lancet Neurology·Pierre-Marie Preux, Michel Druet-Cabanac
Oct 22, 2005·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum·A I Bhigjee
Nov 24, 2005·Epilepsia·Pierre Jallon, Patrick Latour
Dec 2, 2006·European Journal of Paediatric Neurology : EJPN : Official Journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society·Annelies Van RieKevin Robertson
Jan 9, 2007·Lancet·Sally Grantham-McGregorUNKNOWN International Child Development Steering Group
Jul 10, 2007·Seizure : the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association·C KellinghausI W Husstedt
Oct 24, 2007·Neurology·Johan A AarliHanns Lochmüller
Jun 12, 2009·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports·Arturo Carpio, W Allen Hauser
Aug 20, 2009·Annals of Tropical Paediatrics·S GuptaI Shah
May 28, 2011·Journal of Child Neurology·Rajeshree GovenderJo M Wilmshurst
Jul 4, 2012·Journal of Child Neurology·Pauline SamiaJo M Wilmshurst
Apr 9, 2013·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·S Y WalkerS M Chang
Apr 16, 2014·Epilepsia·Robert S FisherSamuel Wiebe
Sep 19, 2014·Lancet Neurology·Awa Ba-DiopPierre-Marie Preux
Oct 15, 2014·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Heena BrahmbhattRonald H Gray
Feb 18, 2015·AIDS·Claudia S CrowellUNKNOWN PACTG 219C Study Team and the Pediatric HIVAIDS Cohort Study (PHACS)
Feb 9, 2017·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Heena BrahmbhattRonald H Gray

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

Paediatric ART Data Management Tool ( PADMT )

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.