Late Effects of 1 H + 16 O on Short-Term and Object Memory, Hippocampal Dendritic Morphology and Mutagenesis

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
Frederico KifferAntiño Allen

Abstract

The space extending beyond Earth's magnetosphere is subject to a complex field of high-energy charged nuclei, which are capable of traversing spacecraft shielding and human tissues, inducing dense ionization events. The central nervous system is a major area of concern for astronauts who will be exposed to the deep-space radiation environment on a mission to Mars, as charged-particle radiation has been shown to elicit changes to the dendritic arbor within the hippocampus of rodents, and related cognitive-behavioral deficits. We exposed 6-month-old male mice to whole-body 1H (0.5 Gy; 150 MeV/n; 18-19 cGy/minute) and an hour later to 16O (0.1Gy; 600 MeV/n; 18-33 Gy/min) at NASA's Space Radiation Laboratory as a galactic cosmic ray-relevant model. Animals were housed with bedding which provides cognitive enrichment. Mice were tested for cognitive behavior 9 months after exposure to elucidate late radiation effects. Radiation induced significant deficits in novel object recognition and short-term spatial memory (Y-maze). Additionally, we observed opposing morphological differences between the mature granular and pyramidal neurons throughout the hippocampus, with increased dendritic length in the dorsal dentate gyrus and reduced len...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 9, 2021·Neurobiology of Disease·Peter M KleinIvan Soltesz
Feb 24, 2021·Scientific Reports·Omid MiryPatric K Stanton
Apr 28, 2021·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part C, Toxicology and Carcinogenesis·Catherine M DavisDawn E Bowles
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Peter M KleinCharles L Limoli

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
gene array

Software Mentioned

Enrich
GraphPad Prism
NeuroExplorer
Neurolucida
Cob
EthoVision

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