PMID: 9163025Jan 1, 1996Paper

Latency and reactivation of varicella zoster virus infections

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. Supplementum
A N Dueland

Abstract

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is the causative agent of chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster). The study of latency and reactivation has been hampered by the fact that the virus is strictly human and grows to low titres in tissue culture. Molecular biology techniques have opened a new era of VZV research. The site of VZV latency was determined to be sensory ganglia by Southern blotting and later by PCR technology. It was also demonstrated that the entire virus genome is present in the latently infected ganglia and that VZV is latent in multiple ganglia along the entire human neuraxis. Since the amount of latent VZV per cell is very low, the question of which cell type is involved in VZV latency could not be conclusively settled by the use of traditional in situ hybridization studies. However, we have now demonstrated the presence of latent VZV DNA in neurons only, by using a more sensitive method which employs a combination of in situ PCR and in situ hybridization. The transcriptional activity of VZV during latency is still not completely clear. Ganglia are small and the total amount of latent VZV is low, therefore conventional methods to detect latent VZV have proved limited. Nevertheless, the detection of a latent trans...Continue Reading

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