Laws of Resistance in Transitional Pipe Flows

Physical Review Letters
Rory T CerbusPinaki Chakraborty

Abstract

As everyone knows who has opened a kitchen faucet, pipe flow is laminar at low flow velocities and turbulent at high flow velocities. At intermediate velocities, there is a transition wherein plugs of laminar flow alternate along the pipe with "flashes" of a type of fluctuating, nonlaminar flow that remains poorly understood. In the 19th century, Osborne Reynolds sought to connect these states of flow with quantitative "laws of resistance," whereby the fluid friction is determined as a function of the Reynolds number. While he succeeded for laminar and turbulent flows, the laws for transitional flows eluded him and remain unknown to this day. By properly distinguishing between laminar plugs and flashes in the transitional regime, we show experimentally and numerically that the law of resistance for laminar plugs corresponds to the laminar law and the law of resistance for flashes is identical to that of turbulence.

References

Jan 22, 2002·Physical Review Letters·G Gioia, F A Bombardelli
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Feb 21, 2006·Physical Review Letters·G Gioia, Pinaki Chakraborty
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Citations

Feb 12, 2020·Science Advances·Rory T CerbusPinaki Chakraborty
Feb 7, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Zhao WuCharles Meneveau
Aug 15, 2020·Journal of Fluid Mechanics·Alexander BlassRichard J A M Stevens
Nov 24, 2018·Physical Review Letters·Willian Hogendoorn, Christian Poelma

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