Layered water in crystal interfaces as source for bone viscoelasticity: arguments from a multiscale approach.

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering
Lukas EberhardsteinerStefan Scheiner

Abstract

Extracellular bone material can be characterised as a nanocomposite where, in a liquid environment, nanometre-sized hydroxyapatite crystals precipitate within as well as between long fibre-like collagen fibrils (with diameters in the 100 nm range), as evidenced from neutron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Accordingly, these crystals are referred to as 'interfibrillar mineral' and 'extrafibrillar mineral', respectively. From a topological viewpoint, it is probable that the mineralisations start on the surfaces of the collagen fibrils ('mineral-encrusted fibrils'), from where the crystals grow both into the fibril and into the extrafibrillar space. Since the mineral concentration depends on the pore spaces within the fibrils and between the fibrils (there is more space between them), the majority of the crystals (but clearly not all of them) typically lie in the extrafibrillar space. There, larger crystal agglomerations or clusters, spanning tens to hundreds of nanometers, develop in the course of mineralisation, and the micromechanics community has identified the pivotal role, which this extrafibrillar mineral plays for tissue elasticity. In such extrafibrillar crystal agglomerates, single crystals are stuck to...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 30, 2015·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Stefan ScheinerChristian Hellmich
Oct 16, 2015·Journal of Biomechanics·J LuoM A Adams
Jul 6, 2015·Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials·G MatteiA Ahluwalia
Jan 16, 2015·Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials·Clara SandinoSteven K Boyd
Mar 19, 2015·Calcified Tissue International·Mathilde GrankeJeffry S Nyman
Jan 25, 2014·Ultrasonics·Claire Morin, Christian Hellmich
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Jan 20, 2017·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology and Medicine·Pinaki Bhattacharya, Marco Viceconti
Oct 30, 2021·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Claire MorinStéphane Avril

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
neutron diffraction
transmission electron microscopy
atomic force microscopy
force measurements

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