PMID: 8615364May 1, 1996Paper

Learning disabilities and poor motivation to achieve due to prolonged iodine deficiency

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
B D TiwariA Mithal

Abstract

The effect of prolonged iodine deficiency on learning and motivation was studied. One hundred male children--matched for age, socioeconomic status, and formal education--were selected from both severely iodine-deficient (SID) and mildly iodine-deficient (MID) villages. Mean urinary iodine excretion was significantly lower in the SID than in the MID group (219.84 +/- 57.52 compared with 449.14 +/- 32.31 nmol/L, P < 0.001). The serum thyroxine concentration was significantly lower (90.36 +/- 6.46 compared with 123.70 +/- 15.42 nmol/L, P< 0.001) and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly higher in the SID group than in the MID group (6.23 +/- 0.34 compared with 4.85 +/- 0.28 mU/L, P< 0.01). The children were administered maze, verbal, and pictorial learning tasks and a test of motivation. The results showed that SID children are slow learners compared with MID children. In both groups the rate of learning over trials was superior in younger (aged 9-12 y) children although the initial performance of older (aged 12-15 y) children was better (P < 0.01). SID children scored significantly lower than MID children on the achievement motivation scale (P < 0.01). The results are suggestive of neural impairment as well as...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 1, 2000·Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae·B Garanty-BogackaM Syrenicz
Jan 22, 2008·Public Health Nutrition·Alicia Pineda-LucateroHomero Martínez
Jun 21, 2008·Clinical Pediatrics·Terrill Bravender
Nov 4, 2000·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·T van den BrielJ G Hautvast
Jan 10, 2006·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Michael B ZimmermannLindita Grimci
Apr 17, 2015·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Kahla RedmanSheila Skeaff
Nov 18, 2000·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·D Glinoer, F Delange
Aug 6, 2003·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. Supplement·Robert Hume
Jul 15, 2004·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Mahin HashemipoorAshraf Aminorroaya
May 23, 2009·Endocrine Reviews·Michael B Zimmermann
Mar 31, 2004·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Michael B ZimmermannNoureddine Chaouki
Oct 2, 2003·The Journal of Nutrition·Naseem Choudhury, Kathleen S Gorman
Sep 28, 2018·Food Science & Nutrition·Hani Choudhry, Md Nasrullah
Oct 25, 2007·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Michael B Zimmermann
Feb 13, 2003·The Medical Journal of Australia·Ciara M McDonnellMargaret R Zacharin
Oct 12, 2010·Annals of Clinical Biochemistry·Fiona Williams, Robert Hume

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