Left ventricular hypertrophy and chronic renal insufficiency in the elderly

Cardiorenal Medicine
David Leibowitz

Abstract

The global population is aging. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in both men and women older than 65 years. In particular, elderly patients have an increased prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), both of which predict increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. LVH and CKD frequently coexist in the elderly, and LVH is a powerful predictor of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Several hemodynamic factors contribute to LVH and CKD in the elderly. Increased arterial stiffness in the elderly is associated with LVH and CKD. Studies using noninvasive measures of arterial stiffening have shown a correlation between these measures and LVH in patients with CKD. Hypertensive patients with an altered circadian blood pressure pattern such as nondippers have an increased incidence of LVH and CKD. Anemia is a risk factor for LVH in patients in all stages of CKD, and studies have shown correlations between age, anemia and LV mass. Nonhemodynamic factors include chronic inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and reduced autophagy, all of which are present in the elderly. Disordered mineral metabolism in the elderly with reduced levels of vitamin D and el...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 20, 2013·Archives of Medical Research·María-Del-Carmen Prado-UribeRamón Paniagua
Apr 13, 2012·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Carmelita MarcantoniPietro Castellino
Sep 3, 2016·Endocrinology and Metabolism·Byung Sub MoonEun Jung Rhee
Mar 3, 2018·Journal of Cardiac Failure·Gaurang Nandkishor Vaidya, Dmitry Abramov

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