Legionella Diversity and Spatiotemporal Variation in The Occurrence of Opportunistic Pathogens within a Large Building Water System

Pathogens
Helen Y BuseJohn S Hall

Abstract

Understanding Legionella survival mechanisms within building water systems (BWSs) is challenging due to varying engineering, operational, and water quality characteristics unique to each system. This study aimed to evaluate Legionella, mycobacteria, and free-living amoebae occurrence within a BWS over 18-28 months at six locations differing in plumbing material and potable water age, quality, and usage. A total of 114 bulk water and 57 biofilm samples were analyzed. Legionella culturability fluctuated seasonally with most culture-positive samples being collected during the winter compared to the spring, summer, and fall months. Positive and negative correlations between Legionella and L.pneumophila occurrence and other physiochemical and microbial water quality parameters varied between location and sample types. Whole genome sequencing of 19 presumptive Legionella isolates, from four locations across three time points, identified nine isolates as L. pneumophila serogroup (sg) 1 sequence-type (ST) 1; three as L. pneumophila sg5 ST1950 and ST2037; six as L. feeleii; and one as Ochrobactrum. Results showed the presence of a diverse Legionella population with consistent and sporadic occurrence at four and two locations, respective...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA558750

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
antibody assay
antibody
activated carbon filtration

Software Mentioned

Legiolert
GraphPad
Prism
legsta
Unicycler
R
BBMap
FastTree

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