PMID: 11934353Apr 6, 2002Paper

Lens epithelial cell apoptosis and intracellular Ca2+ increase in the presence of xanthurenic acid

BMC Ophthalmology
H Z MalinaOtto M Hess

Abstract

Xanthurenic acid is an endogenous product of tryptophan degradation by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We have previously reported that IDO is present in mammalian lenses, and xanthurenic acid is accumulated in the lenses with aging. Here, we studied the involvement of xanthurenic acid in the human lens epithelial cell physiology. Human lens epithelial cells primary cultures were used. Control cells, and cells in the presence of xanthurenic acid grow in the dark. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence studies were performed. In the presence of xanthurenic acid human lens epithelial cells undergo apoptosis-like cell death. In the control cells gelsolin stained the perinuclear region, whereas in the presence of 10 microM xanthurenic acid gelsolin is translocated to the cytoskeleton, but does not lead to cytoskeleton breakdown. In the same condition caspase-3 activation, and DNA fragmentation was observed. At low (5 to 10 microM) of xanthurenic acid concentration, the elongation of the cytoskeleton was associated with migration of mitochondria and cytochrome c release. At higher concentrations xanthurenic acid (20 microM and 40 microM) damaged mitochondria were observed in the perinuclear region, and nuclear DNA cleavage ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 17, 2014·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Xianzhen MaYan Cui
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